Disruption vs. Revenue Quandary and the Tech Bubble

I remember the first tech bubble well. True story: In 1998, one prominent online vendor – long since dead, by the way – was selling my company’s product for $66 when the distributor price was $76. Also true: In 2000, a would-be acquirer flirted with buying Palo Alto Software for its web traffic, but wanted to leave out our $5 million revenue stream because “that would lower valuation.”

And yet, despite that memory, last week I found myself suggesting to a local web software startup that they might be better off scrapping their so-called business model and just aiming for disruption, not revenue.

Of course, theirs is a special case. I saw a demo last week. The software, though not yet released, looked potentially cool enough to go viral. By viral I mean remarkable in the [popularized-by-Seth-Godin] sense of something so good that users tell other users quickly. Every user generates additional users fast. And it could also be disruptive. By disruptive I mean it has the potential to change the way a lot of people do things. I’d like to tell you about the company, but for various reasons that would be inappropriate until middle May.

However, this is the second time in three months I’ve suggested to a software startup (different startups) that they might have to choose between being disruptive and charging money to cover costs. Quite honestly, this strikes me as dangerous advice. Hit it really big or go broke. It certainly heightens the risk.

To make it interesting, I found Nick Bilton’s With No Revenue, an Illusion of Value on the New York Times bits blog last weekend. He argues the exact opposite point:

When this next bubble pops — and it will pop — the idea to make no money can finally pop, too. Then investors can start working with companies to build businesses that have long-term financial goals, instead of just building a short-term mystery.

However, uncertainty is a sign of intelligence. I think. Maybe. So I’m not sure.

Still, look at the big winners of the last few years: Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, for example. Valued in the billions of dollars. Entirely free to users. And, although Facebook now makes billions in revenue, revenue was not the point in the beginning. Revenue in fact would have killed their growth. Do you agree?

So there’s the dilemma: disruption vs. revenue.

That is, at least, until some big crash of publicly-traded stock occurs and visible valuations of top-grade startups fall because fashions change and analysts start liking revenue. If that ever happens. My favorite tech bubble analysis this week is by Chris Dixon, whose thoughtful piece here includes a nod to disruption vs. revenue:

The argument that sometimes startups get better valuations without revenue is somewhat true. As Josh Kopelman said “There’s nothing like numbers to screw up a good story.” This is driven by the psychology of venture investors who are sometimes able to justify a higher price to “buy the dream” than the same price to “buy the numbers.” This doesn’t mean the investors think they will invest and then get some greater fool to invest in the company again. For instance, at the seed stage, intelligent investors are quite aware that they are buying the dream but will need to have numbers to raise a Series A.

What do you think? Is a valuation crash coming? Does even asking the question make it more likely?

(Note: I apologize for defining viral and disruptive when you already knew what I meant. I like to explain those jargon buzzwords when they come up.) 

Tim Berry , Founder, Palo Alto Software
May 1st, 2012 0

6 Reasons Why Startup Prototypes Attract Investors

6 Reasons Why Startup Prototypes Attract InvestorsIt’s a long way from an entrepreneur’s “idea” to a working product with a real market and paying customers. A necessary intermediate step for proof of concept, credibility with potential investors, and communication with your team, is a working prototype. Building a prototype should be an early and high priority task for every startup.

A prototype doesn’t need to look great, or be built to scale, but it better accurately translate your vision into something real and tangible. For less tangible products, like software, it should simulate the look and feel of the final product on relevant base hardware. Here are some key objectives to keep in mind when designing your prototype to make it attractive to investors: Read more

Are Startups Now Changing the World Instead of the Web?

It’s too soon for rigorous data analysis. I don’t have surveys. But I’ve been through about 120 startup business plans in the last month and it seems like there’s a big shift. There’s a lot more science and a lot less web. There’s a lot more save the people, save the world, than there is save the web. surgery

I’m talking about what I’ve seen as a member of a local angel investment group and a judge at four business plan competitions. This is just anecdotal. Still … it’s been a long time since I’ve heard somebody promise the next Facebook, or next Twitter, or next Netflix.  Read more

Tim Berry , Founder, Palo Alto Software
April 24th, 2012 0

Startups Need the ‘Why’ Before the ‘What’ to Build

All too many startups are founded simply on the basis of a new and exciting technology invented by an industrious technologist. This is the origin of the “solution looking for a problem” and “if we build it, they will come” syndromes, which result in surprise and frustration waiting for funding, and waiting for customers that don’t materialize.

The right approach is to start by solving a problem causing real pain to a large number of customers willing to pay real money for a solution. Develop the solution with your technology, and develop a strategy to maximize your impact in the marketplace. I’ve talked about the solution part several times, so this article will focus on the value of a strategy. Read more

Angel Investors: Watch for Business Plan Competitions

I just finished three days as a judge for the Rice University million-dollar business plan competition, which was held at the Rice campus in Houston last Thursday through Saturday. If you’re an angel investor and you aren’t aware of business plan competitions, maybe you should be.

The finals were very impressive. As the six finalist companies went through their pitches, every single one was a very attractive investment. If you’re curious, look at NuMat Technologies, the winner. Then look at Medtric Biotech, Lemm Technologies, SolidEnergy, Solanux, and Salveo Vascular, ranked second through sixth, respectively. You’ll see nothing there but high-end technology, innovations, intellectual property, experienced management teams, very impressive resumes, and huge markets. Read more

Tim Berry , Founder, Palo Alto Software
April 18th, 2012 0

Amount of Startup Equity Depends on Contribution

Startup equity divisionOne of the first tough decisions that startup founders have to make is how to allocate or split the equity among co-founders. The easy answer of splitting it equally among all co-founders, since there is minimal value at that point, is usually the worst possible answer, and often results in a later startup failure due to an obvious inequity.

Another common “failure to start” situation I see is one where the “idea person” insists that the idea is 90% of the value (and 90% of the equity). In the real world, the “idea” is a very small part of the overall equation. A startup is all about “execution” – meaning the equity should be allocated based on the value that each partner brings to the table in each of these dominant variables: Read more

When Good Legal Advice Is Worth $10 Million An Hour

One of the highest profile liquidity events to date in 2012 is Facebook’s announced deal to acquire Instagram for $1 billion.  The popular mobile photo-sharing service should fit well into Facebook’s growth strategy as a soon-to-be-public company, but its eye-popping valuation — more than that of the New York Times, for those keeping score at home — is made more extraordinary by the fact that Instagram is run by only 13 employees.

Setting aside questions of unique strategic value for the moment, what could possibly make Instagram worth ten figures?  Brand recognition, goodwill, user loyalty, mushrooming usage metrics, sure — but perhaps most importantly, a mountain of intellectual property.  My quick-and-dirty assessment, based on pure speculation with no inside knowledge, produced the following taxonomy: Read more

Antone Johnson , Founding Principal, Bottom Line Law Group
April 12th, 2012 0